01 - Preheat the oven to 400°F. Grease a 9x13-inch baking dish with butter or cooking spray.
02 - Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add cauliflower florets and cook for 5 minutes until just tender. Drain well and set aside.
03 - In a medium saucepan, melt butter over medium heat. Add diced onion and cook for 3 minutes until softened and translucent.
04 - Stir flour into the onion mixture and cook for 1 minute, stirring constantly. Slowly whisk in milk until smooth, then continue cooking for 2-3 minutes until thickened.
05 - Remove saucepan from heat. Stir in 1 1/2 cups cheddar cheese, sour cream, Dijon mustard, garlic powder, salt, and pepper until the cheese is completely melted and the sauce is smooth.
06 - Add the drained cauliflower to the cheese sauce and stir until evenly coated. Transfer the mixture to the prepared baking dish and spread into an even layer.
07 - Sprinkle the remaining 1/2 cup cheddar cheese evenly over the cauliflower mixture.
08 - In a small bowl, combine panko breadcrumbs, grated Parmesan cheese, and olive oil. Mix until the breadcrumbs are evenly coated with oil.
09 - Sprinkle the crumb mixture evenly over the casserole. Bake for 25-30 minutes until the topping is golden brown and the casserole is bubbling around the edges.
10 - Remove from the oven and let the casserole cool for 5 minutes before serving to allow it to set.